Search results for " Short-Term]"

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Keeping memory clear and stable--the contribution of human basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex to working memory.

2010

Successful remembering involves both hindering irrelevant information from entering working memory (WM) and actively maintaining relevant information online. Using a voxelwise lesion-behavior brain mapping approach in stroke patients, we observed that lesions of the left basal ganglia render WM susceptible to irrelevant information. Lesions of the right prefrontal cortex on the other hand make it difficult to keep more than a few items in WM. These findings support basal ganglia-prefrontal cortex models of WM whereby the basal ganglia play a gatekeeper role and allow only relevant information to enter prefrontal cortex where this information then is actively maintained in WM.

AdultMalephysiology [Prefrontal Cortex]Interference theoryphysiology [Basal Ganglia]Prefrontal CortexBrain mappingBasal GangliaBasal (phylogenetics)Cortex (anatomy)Basal gangliamedicineHumansphysiopathology [Memory Disorders]complications [Stroke]ddc:610Prefrontal cortexAgedAged 80 and overMemory DisordersBrain Mappingphysiopathology [Stroke]Working memoryGeneral NeurosciencePutamenphysiology [Putamen]Middle AgedMagnetic Resonance Imagingetiology [Memory Disorders]StrokeMemory Short-Termmedicine.anatomical_structurephysiology [Memory Short-Term]pathology [Stroke]Femalediagnosis [Memory Disorders]physiopathology [Putamen]Brief CommunicationsConsumer neurosciencePsychologyNeuroscienceCognitive psychology
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The contribution of acetylcholine and dopamine to subprocesses of visual working memory--what patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Pa…

2014

Attentional selection, i.e. filtering out of irrelevant sensory input and information storage are two crucial components of working memory (WM). It has been proposed that the two processes are mediated by different neurotransmitters, namely acetylcholine for attentional selection and dopamine for memory storage. However, this hypothesis has been challenged by others, who for example linked a lack in dopamine levels in the brain to filtering deficits. Here we tested the above mentioned hypothesis in two patient cohorts which either served as a proxy for a cholinergic or a dopaminergic deficit. The first group comprised 18 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), the second 22…

Malephysiopathology [Cognitive Dysfunction]Parkinson's diseaseCognitive NeuroscienceDopamineModels NeurologicalExperimental and Cognitive Psychologyphysiopathology [Brain]Neuropsychological TestsCohort StudiesBehavioral Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundDopaminemedicineHumansAttentionCognitive Dysfunctionddc:610metabolism [Dopamine]NeurotransmitterAgedWorking memoryDopaminergicBrainCognitionParkinson Diseasephysiopathology [Amnesia]Middle Agedphysiology [Visual Perception]medicine.diseaseAcetylcholineMemory Short-Termchemistryphysiology [Memory Short-Term]physiology [Attention]Visual PerceptionCholinergicFemalephysiopathology [Parkinson Disease]AmnesiaPsychologyNeurosciencemetabolism [Acetylcholine]Acetylcholinemedicine.drugNeuropsychologia
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